Java 8 Streams

One of the features of Java 8 and best practices is the use of streams.

In this tutorial, we’ll see how to use the Stream.filter() method when we work with Streams in Java.

The filter() method is an intermediate operation of the Stream interface that allows us to filter elements of a stream that match a given Predicate: A common use case of the filter() method is processing collections.

We shall demonstrate a sample in this tutorial.

First: we create a Student class. Each student will have a name, gender, age and a list of courses of which he is enrolled into. We also create Gender and Course enums.

enum Gender {MALE, FEMALE}

enum Course {DATA_STRUCTURES, DATABASE, JAVA, OPERATING_SYSTEMS, NETWORKS, OBJECT_ORIENTED_PROGRAMMING, DOTNET, C}

class Student {

    private String name;

    private int age;

    private Gender gender;

    private List<Course> courses = new ArrayList<Course>();

    public Student(String name, int age, Gender gender) {

        this.name = name;

        this.age = age;

        this.gender = gender;

    }

    public String getName() {

        return name;

    }

    public void setName(String name) {

        this.name = name;

    }

    public int getAge() {

        return age;

    }

    public void setAge(int age) {

        this.age = age;

    }

    public Gender getGender() {

        return gender;

    }

    public void setGender(Gender gender) {

        this.gender = gender;

    }

    public List<Course> getCourses() {

        return courses;

    }

    public void setCourses(List<Course> courses) {

        this.courses = courses;

    }

    @Override

    public String toString() {

        return “Student [name=” + name + “, age=” + age + “, gender=” + gender + “, courses=” + courses + “]”;

    }

}

Second: We created a list with some student classes and fill them up with data.

        List<Student> allStudents = new ArrayList<Student>();

        Student s1 = new Student(“Linda”, 18, Gender.FEMALE);

        s1.getCourses().add(Course.DATA_STRUCTURES);

        s1.getCourses().add(Course.DATABASE);

        s1.getCourses().add(Course.OBJECT_ORIENTED_PROGRAMMING);

        s1.getCourses().add(Course.NETWORKS);

        allStudents.add(s1);

        Student s2 = new Student(“Mary”, 20, Gender.FEMALE);

        s2.getCourses().add(Course.DATA_STRUCTURES);

        s2.getCourses().add(Course.JAVA);

        s2.getCourses().add(Course.OPERATING_SYSTEMS);

        s2.getCourses().add(Course.C);

        allStudents.add(s2);

        Student s3 = new Student(“Tina”, 21, Gender.FEMALE);

        s3.getCourses().add(Course.OBJECT_ORIENTED_PROGRAMMING);

        s3.getCourses().add(Course.JAVA);

        s3.getCourses().add(Course.OPERATING_SYSTEMS);

        s3.getCourses().add(Course.NETWORKS);

        allStudents.add(s3);

        Student s4 = new Student(“Antonio”, 18, Gender.MALE);

        s4.getCourses().add(Course.JAVA);

        s4.getCourses().add(Course.OPERATING_SYSTEMS);

        s4.getCourses().add(Course.NETWORKS);

        s4.getCourses().add(Course.DATABASE);

        allStudents.add(s4);

        Student s5 = new Student(“Ahmed”, 20, Gender.MALE);

        s5.getCourses().add(Course.DOTNET);

        s5.getCourses().add(Course.DATA_STRUCTURES);

        s5.getCourses().add(Course.OPERATING_SYSTEMS);

        s5.getCourses().add(Course.DATABASE);

        allStudents.add(s5);

Third: Let’s use filters on the students list. To do that, we can use a lambda expression:

1- We filter all students of age below 20 years.

List<Student> students1 = allStudents.stream().filter(s -> s.getAge() < 20).collect(Collectors.toList());

2- We filter to find one student that is below 20 yrs and male.

Student student = allStudents.stream().filter(s -> s.getAge() < 20 && Gender.MALE.equals(s.getGender())).findAny().orElse(null);

3- We find all students that are female and taking Java course.

List<Student> students2 = allStudents.stream().filter(s -> Gender.FEMALE.equals(s.getGender()) && s.getCourses().stream().anyMatch(c -> Course.JAVA.equals(c))).collect(Collectors.toList());